Mataranka
An hour south of Katherine, the thermal pools at Mataranka make this little town a favorite with backpackers and RVers alike. Visit the small Never Never Museum (which takes its name from a classic Australian novel set in Mataranka) to learn about the traditional Aboriginal custodians of the country, the Mangarayi and Yangman people, as well as the North Australian Railway, the Overland Telegraph Line, and the region's significance in World War II.
You can also explore a replica homestead from the early days of white settlement in Mataranka, in addition to the waterways, hiking trails, and historical sites of Elsey National Park. With a population of only about 200 residents, Mataranka offers basic accommodation and dining options.
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Alice Springs
Alice Springs in Australia's Red Centre marks the halfway point between Darwin and Adelaide. The town is often used as a jumping-off point for tours of the wonders of Central Australia, including Uluru, Kata Tjuta (the Olgas), Kings Canyon, and the MacDonnell Ranges. (There is also an airport at Uluru for time-pressed visitors who'd rather head straight for the rock.)
Around 25,000 people live in Alice, on the traditional lands of the Arrernte people. Visitors can enjoy the Araluen Arts Centre, hike the Larapinta Trail, or dine on native ingredients at the Barra or Red Ochre Grill.
The Aboriginal art galleries of the Central Desert communities around Alice Springs (like Arlpwe, Ampilatwatja, Papunya, and Warlukurlangu) are well worth a visit, but most require an appointment in advance.