The 12 Mountain Ranges That Mountaineers Must Explore in India

Trans-Himalaya Karakoram Range

The Trans-Himalaya, to the north of the Great Himalaya in the Union Territory of Ladakh, is India's most isolated and remote mountain range. It's made up of the Karakoram, Zanskar and Ladakh ranges. The craggy Karakoram Range is bounded by the Nubra Valley to the south, and extends north into the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan. This formidable, impenetrable mountain range is sometimes referred to as "the roof of the world." It has eight peaks over 24,600 feet in height and its elevation rarely falls below 18,045 feet. The tallest peak, K2, is located in disputed territory that's currently controlled by Pakistan. At 28,251 feet above sea level, it's the second highest mountain in the world.

 

In India, the Karakoram's highest peak is Saltoro Kangri in the Saltoro mountain range, at 25,400 feet above sea level. The five peaks of Saser Kangri, in the Saser Muztagh range, are not far behind with the tallest having an elevation of 25,171 feet. Mamostong Kangri, in the remote Rimo Mustagh ranges around Siachen Glacier is 24,659 feet above sea level. The Karakoram Range is the most heavily glaciated part of the planet outside the polar regions. Mountaineers can access its Indian peaks from the Nubra Valley but permits must be obtained, as it's a sensitive border area. In October 2019, the Indian government announced that tourists can now visit Siachen Glacier (which is also the world's highest battlefield). Rimo Expeditions conducts trips.

Trans-Himalaya Ladakh Range

The Ladakh Range lies to the south of the Karakoram Range, between the Nubra Valley and Leh. It runs parallel to the Indus River and extends to India's border with Tibet. The landscape is characterized by granite rocks and sparse vegetation. The peaks in this range are about 16,400 to 19,700 feet above sea level. Instead of having any notable peaks, the Ladakh Range is better known for its spectacular high-altitude mountain passes. The most famous of these is Khardung La, which is often incorrectly said to be the highest drivable road in the world. At an altitude of 17,582 feet above sea level, you won't want to stay there any longer than about 15 minutes before feeling lightheaded. Going on the Sham Valley Trek, through foothill villages, is an excellent way of experiencing the Ladakh Range. Yama Adventures and Ladakhi Women's Travel Company are two reputable organizers of this trek.